Obesity Degree and Glycemic Status: Factors That Should Be Considered in Heart Failure

Staphylococcus lugdunensis; a pathogen that should be considered in Iran

Background: Staphylococcus lugdunensis is Gram-positive cocci of the staphylococcaceae family. S. lugdunensis despite having a clotting factor (wall coagulase), was classified in the coagulase negative staphylococcus group (CoNS) for lack of free coagulase. Although this bacterium is part of the human normal flora, in terms of virulence, S. lugdunensis is in second place after S. aureus. S. lug...

Vitamin D status: to be considered in heart failure patients!

Should heart failure and atrial fibrillation be considered in determining the risk of noncardiac surgery?

Much less evidence is available on the predictors of noncardiac postoperative risk related to a diagnosis of heart failure for at least 2 reasons: (a) the weak definition of documented heart failure common in most studies, and (b) the relatively low number of events on which the evidence is based. Atrial fibrillation has been considered even less, and very scarce information is available on the...

Should antioxidant status be considered in interventional trials with antioxidants?

The last decade has seen many trials with antioxidants in patients with cardiovascular disease, with equivocal results. One possible explanation for the disappointing findings is the lack of identification criteria of patients who are potential candidates for antioxidant treatment. Several studies have been carried out in patients at risk of cardiovascular disease, indicating that enhanced oxid...

A Possible Percutaneous Penetration Pathway That Should Be Considered

The intercellular lipids in the stratum corneum form structures composed of ordered phases with orthorhombic and hexagonal hydrocarbon-chain packing structures and, in addition, a structure composed of a disordered fluid phase. Although the fluid phase plays an important role in percutaneous penetration, little attention has been paid to it in the literature thus far. Recently, a method to esti...